Fruit Trees – Deciduous
Varieties:
Apple, Plum, Peach, Nectarine, Apricot, Cherries
Cultural Requirements:
SOIL & POSITION
- Well drained soils – will not tolerate heavy or waterlogged soil
- Improve soil by use of compost / peat
- Open sunny position
- Plant in June / July when trees are dormant
- DO NOT let roots dry out prior to planting
- When planting spread roots out carefully over slightly mounded soil at bottom of hole
FEEDING
- Use a slow release fertiliser around roots at planting
- When growth begins (Spring) apply General Garden Fertiliser or Fruit Tree and Citrus Fertiliser at rates of 200g-300g per tree as a top dressing
- Water well again after feeding
WATERING
- Ensure soil does not dry out after planting (only if a dry spell follows planting – do not overwater as root rot could result)
- Spring – Summer water regularly to ensure plant does not dry out while establishing in its first year
Pruning
- Aim to regulate growth, allow light in, encourage flowers and fruit
- Generally prune in Winter
- In years 1 and 2 prune hard to make sturdy framework and shape the tree
- When planting, select 3 or 4 strong branches and reduce by 2/3 to outwards facing bud. Remove all other growth
- Once established, prune according to the fruiting habit as outlined below:
- Apples
- Bear fruit on spurs and 2 year old + laterals
- Allow lateral branches to develop uncut until buds form
- Then trim back about 2/3 each year
- Thin out some if tree becomes overcrowded
- Apricot
- Also bear on laterals and spurs
- Treat as for apples
- Cherries
- Fruit on spurs on 2 year old + wood
- Require little pruning, apart from trimming and thinning
- Prune in Autum
- Peaches and Nectarines
- Bear fruit on laterals produced previous summer
- Laterals fruit for one season only
- Prune to produce new laterals each year
- Prune back to encourage new growth but don’t cut out all previous year’s growth
- Plums
- Bear fruit on 1 & 2 year old laterals
- Require little pruning
- Thin and trim back as required to maintain tree at reasonable size