Citrus
Cultural Requirements:
SOIL
- Well dug, free draining soil essential
- Will not tolerate wet feet or heavy clay soils – in this situation, raised planting is recommended
- Dig in Organic Compost or peat to help break up clay soils and improve water-holding capacity of light sandy soils
POSITION
- Warm sunny position with some protection from strong winds
WATERING
- Summer moisture is essential, especially in hot dry weather
- Citrus have fibrous surface rooting system – essential this does not dry out – mulch in summer with peat, compost – do not put mulch too close to trunk
FERTILISER
- Fruit Tree and Citrus Food – Sept, Dec, Feb (see packet for details)
PRUNING
- Citrus require minimal pruning
- Dense growing varieties, e.g. Mandarin, may need some thinning otherwise to keep in shape – usually when fruit is picked
- Advisable to remove any fruit in first year to encourage growth of tree and establish good strong plant
General
- Citrus make ideal container plants, especially Mandarins and Limes.
- Use a quality container mix and Yates Waterwise Water Storage Crystals to avoid drying out in summer
Pests & Diseases
Aphids
- Small, black/green insects clustering on new growth
- Spray with Confidor
Mealy Bug
- White, cotton wool –like insects cluster together on leaf axils and stems
- Spray with Confidor
Scale
- Brown scale insects which cling to stems and suck at sap, weakening growth
- Spray with Conqueror Oil
Lemon Tree Borer
- Black grub which bores its way through trunk and woody branches cutting off sap flow
- Borer ‘dust’ visible on ground under tree in bad cases
- Cut out affected branches
Verrucosis
- Fungus disease causing curly brown scabs or blisters on fruit
- Spray with Copper spray
Varieties
GRAPEFRUIT
- Golden Special - Large pale yellow fruit. Sharp flavor. Heavy cropper
- Jamaican Wheeny - Large, golden yellow fruit. Juicy. Bears mid-winter
ORANGES
- Washington Navel - Rich flavor. Fairly seedless. Ripens mid to late winter
- Harwood Late - Excellent for juicing. Thick skinned fruit late winter
- Carters Navel - Excellent for juicing. Thick skinned fruit late winter
TANGELOS
- Ugli - Unusually large fruit. Tender and juicy. Late winter
- Seminole - Extremely sweet and juicy. Thin skinned tender fleshed fruit.
LIME
- Tahitian - Hardy. Heavy cropper. Excellent container feature
- Mexican - ‘The Bartenders Lime’. Small green fruit.
MANDARINS
- Clementine - Delicious sweet fruit. Heavy bearing. Late winter
- Encore - Usually rich flavoured. Excellent for tub growing
- Silverhill - Very cold resistant. Heavy bearing. Mid winter
- Satsuma - Popular easy peel mandarin. Medium sized sweet flat fruit. Ripens mid winter
- Miagawa - New Japanese variety. Very productive, earliest strain of easy peel Satsuma. Sweet. Ripens May – June. Excellent quality, good keeping fruit. Needs thinning to attain good size.
LEMONS
- Genoa - Quick to bear small to medium sized fruit in winter
- Yen Ben - Medium sized seedless fruit. Excellent sharp flavor
- Villa Franca - Thick skinned fruit with sharp flavor. Winter and summer
- Meyer - The common sweet lemon. Excellent for drinks
- Lemonade - Light flavoured and refreshing